WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

Dr. Islam A. Al-Idrisi* and Hamza M. Khuder

ABSTRACT

With the increasing incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Iraq and abroad, we should focused on the molecules and pathways that regulate metabolic homeostasis with the hope of identifying a pharmacological target to limit obesity and diabetes, and/or its pathophysiological consequences. The study conducted to evaluate glycemic control and its relationship with other metabolic parameters including thyroid hormones and thyroid stimulating hormone in type 2 diabetic patients and to compare it with that in healthy non obese and overweight and obese subjects, to assess whether glycated hemoglobin measurement can predict diabetes in obese subjects in the future. So a case control study was conducted at the center of diabetes management and research between 1st of December 2019 to the 15th of May 2020. The study include 100 subjects, divided into three groups: group 1: included 20 (11 male and 9 female) apparently healthy individuals whose body mass index (BMI) below 25 kg/m2, age range 30-60 years, group 2: included 20 (8 male and 12 female) healthy individuals whose BMI equal or above to 25 kg/m2, age range 32-60 years, and group 3: included 60 (28 male and 32 female) newly diagnosed diabetic patients whose BMI equal or above to 25 kg/m2, age range 35-66 years. From all participants, a fasting blood sample was taken for measurement of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, thyroid hormones, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and fasting insulin. Insulin resistance (IR), BMI and atherogenic index (AI) were calculated according to special equations. A comparison of biochemical parameters between group 1 and group 2 revealed a significant increase in fasting insulin and triglycerides, a significant decrease in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) in group 2, with a significant increase in level of HbA1c, IR and AI, while there was no significant differences were detected in FPG, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), TSH and thyroid hormones. A comparison of biochemical parameters between group 1 and group 3 showed a significant increased differences in FPG, HbA1c, triglycerides, AI, fasting serum insulin and IR, with a significant increased differences in the total cholesterol and LDL-c in group 3. There was a significant increased differences in TSH and a significant decrease in both thyroid hormones. A comparison of biochemical parameters between group 2 and group 3 showed a highly significant increased differences in FPG, HbA1c and IR, with a significant increased differences in AI and TSH. A significant decreased differences in HDL-c in group 3, with no significant differences in the fasting serum insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-c. The healthy subjects suffering from obesity are at a high risk of developing diabetes in the future. Thyroid stimulating hormone show high level and a low levels of thyroid hormones in diabetic and obese participant compare with that of non obese group.

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