WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

Dr. Shibabaw Bejano* and Abay Fiseha

ABSTRACT

Salmonellosis is a disease which ranges in man and animals from severe enteric fever, through severe enteritis (with complications) to mild food poisoning. The disease has a worldwide distribution. Salmonellosis is caused by bacteria of the genus Salmonella, of which over 2500 types (serotypes) have been identified. The disease is characterized by host specificity. Some types cause disease only, or primarily in one animal species, whilst others are ubiquitous and cause disease in many species. The disease in animals in the UK is most severe in cattle and particularly calves, and can result in high morbidity and mortality. The principal serotypes involved are S. dublin and S. typhimurium. The former is endemic in dairy herds, particularly in the west of the UK, and may be maintained in herds by ?carriers‘. The disease is also frequently mild or characterized by carriage of salmonellas in the absence of disease. The disease is controlled in cattle by vaccination and the application of strict hygiene. Some serotypes, and particularly S. typhimurium, have developed resistance to a number of antibiotics and multiple antibiotic resistance may be transferred between strains.