WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

*Dr. Nadia Nadhim Abdulkareem, Prof. Dr. Kifah Hamdan Abdulghafour

ABSTRACT

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is a type of cancer that originates from the endometrium, it is the most common cancer of lower female genital tract in developed countries, the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide and the eighth most common of cancer of women in Iraq. Bcl-2 is an anti-apoptotic gene inhibit programmed cell death, and its expression has been observed in variety of human neoplasm including endometrial carcinoma. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of Bcl-2 in endometrial carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological variables. The variables will include: patient age, histopathological type, histopathological grade, the depth of myometrial invasion, FIGO stage, lower uterine segment invasion and cervical stromal invasion. Patients and Method: Across-sectional study done at The Medical City Teaching Complex/ The National Center for Educational Laboratories, from the first of March 2024 until the end of July 2024, The samples were collected from 50 patients’ records with endometrial carcinoma and tissue blocks embedded in paraffin stored in The National Center for Educational Laboratories, Immune histochemical staining of the slides with highest percentage of tumor cells of endometrial carcinoma was carried out to identify the positivity for Bcl-2 protein. Results: The mean age of the study group was 57.08 years, the majority of cases were classified as grade I tumors, pT1a was the most common FIGO staging, the expression of Bcl-2 protein occur in 62 % of cases of endometrial carcinoma, 12 cases (24.0%) had weak positive, 12 cases (24.0%) moderately positive Bcl2 expression, 7 cases (14.0%) had strong positive Bcl2 expression and 19 cases (38.0%) were of negative Bcl2 expression. The majority of Bcl-2 expression was grade I and FIGO stage pT1, this association was statistically not significant (p-value > 0.05). Endometrioid adenocarcinoma constituted the predominant type in both cohorts, accounting for 84.2% in the negative group and 93.5% in the positive group. Conclusion: The expression of Bcl-2 protein in 62 % of cases of endometrial carcinoma, there is no significant association with any of the clinicopathological variables (age of the patient, FIGO grade, FIGO stage, histopathologic type, myometrium invasion, lower uterine segment invasion and cervical stromal invasion).