WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

*Sahar Hassan Mushatat Alfartosy, Raghad Hasan Mshattat, Hussein Ali Abdulrazzaq

ABSTRACT

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder often linked to insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. Obesity, frequently observed in women with PCOS, may further intensify these metabolic disturbances, particularly during pregnancy. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of obesity on insulin resistance among pregnant women with a history of PCOS. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out at Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City between November 2024 and March 2025. Sixty pregnant women were enrolled and divided into two groups based on PCOS history. Each group was further categorized as obese or non-obese according to BMI. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, and HbA1c levels were measured during early pregnancy. Statistical analysis assessed the independent and combined effects of PCOS and obesity on insulin resistance. Results: Women with a history of PCOS demonstrated significantly elevated insulin resistance compared to those without PCOS. This group also exhibited higher BMI and poorer glycemic control. Obesity alone was independently associated with increased fasting glucose, insulin, and HbA1c levels. When PCOS and obesity coexisted, insulin resistance was notably exacerbated. The interaction between PCOS and obesity showed a synergistic effect, further impairing metabolic outcomes. Conclusion: Obesity significantly worsens insulin resistance in pregnant women with PCOS. These findings highlight the need for early screening, weight management, and metabolic monitoring in this high-risk population to reduce adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.