WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

*Ghazwan Younus Mohammed and Alaa Adnan Al Ali

ABSTRACT

Background: Febrile seizure is among the most prevalent neurological findings in children. While the exact mechanism of Febrile seizure remains unclear, genetic and environmental variables are thought to play a significant influence. Objectives: Is to assess the role of vitamin D, calcium, and iron in early detection of febrile seizures, as well as their relation with clinical behavior and potential predictors of future illness outcomes and consequences. Methods: A case-control study of recorded data from the department of pediatric medicine at Ibn Sena Teaching Hospital, from January 2024 to the end of December 2024. The study included 50 subjects aged 6 months to 6 years diagnosed with febrile seizure according to American Academy of pediatrics (cases), (19) which were matched according to the age and gender to another 50 subjects having fever but with no febrile seizure. The questionnaire was consisted from three parts. Part one for demographic information of the study patients. Part two for clinical manifestation of the study participants. Part three for the investigation done for each patient. Results: The study included 100 patients, divided into two groups, with 50 subjects for each group. The mean age ± standard deviation of the study participants is 26.45 ± 19.35 months, with male to female ratio of 1.08:1. There are no statistically significant difference regarding age and sex of the study participants (P-value >0.05). There were statistically significant differences between cases and controls regarding their primary infection site (P-value = 0.042), their hemoglobin level, MCV, MCH, platelets and WBC counts (P- value <0.001) for each variable and their means of serum calcium level, means of serum iron levels, and means of Vitamin D3 levels (P-value <0.001) for each variable. Moreover; the study found no statistically significant difference in serum calcium, serum iron, or vitamin D3 levels between different subgroups of patients with febrile convulsions. Conclusion: Febrile seizure had been found in this study to be significantly related to serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level insufficiency and deficiency, slightly lower calcium levels (< 9.9 mg/dL), lower serum iron levels, and hemoglobin levels below 10.5 gm/dl. The different types of febrile seizures did not significantly different with serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, and iron level.