WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

*Amal Ali Mohammed, Hadeel Waadulah Hassawi and Zainab Anwar Ezzat

ABSTRACT

Background: Dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes are becoming increasingly common public health concerns, particularly in developing countries such as Iraq. Cardiovascular diseases and other non-communicable diseases are quite common and are thought to be the main cause of mortality in developing countries. The development of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis is strongly influenced by dyslipidemia. When combined with additional coronary artery disease risk factors like type 2 diabetes, even slight lipid profile abnormalities can dramatically raise the risk of coronary artery disease. Objectives: The present study was designed to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemia or one of abnormal lipids values among patients who had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from the 15th of April to the 30th of December 2024. The studied patients were adult diabetic patients older than or equal to 18 years old who were received ongoing diabetic treatment at Al Shekhan primary health care center were involved in this study. Patients with type 1 diabetes, gestational diabetes, non-fasting patients and those below the age of 18 years were excluded from the study. A structured questionnaire was completed through direct interview followed by physical examination and laboratory investigations for assessment of fasting blood glucose, Hemoglobin Alc, and lipid profile. Results: In this study the percentage of dyslipidemia was 98.4%. The prevalence of LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, total cholesterol were 84.8%, 77.2%, 76.8% and 58.5% respectively. Also, the study shows that more than three quarters (78%) of the diabetics were uncontrolled (HbA1C≥7) and only 22% had achieved good glycemic control (HbA1C<7). Furthermore; 87.6% of those with uncontrolled diabetes had high LDL-cholesterol compared with 75% among those with controlled diabetes (P value= 0.02). No significant association was detected between LDL-cholesterol and the other variables. Regarding triglycerides, the study found significant association between diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides, where 85.3% of those with high diastolic blood pressure had high triglycerides compared with 70.2% among those with normal diastolic blood pressure (P value= 0.005). Significantly, higher proportion of patients with abnormal HDL-cholesterol was detected among those with microalbuminuria (P value = 0.02), those who don't practice exercise (P value < 0.001), and those with uncontrolled systolic blood pressure (P value = 0.03). Conclusion: The dyslipidemia is a common finding among type 2 DM patients. Diabetic patient must be encouraged to do regular physical activity and total life style changes in an effort to decrease weight for better glycemic and lipids control.