WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

Dr. Sameerah Tareq Suhail*, Dr. Dherar Sulaiman Yousif and Dr. Okba Natheer Hamid Alsarraf

ABSTRACT

Background: Thalassemia is a genetic disorder causing erythrocyte hemolysis, ineffective erythropoiesis, and iron overload. Renal disease in thalassemia is a multifactorial process involving iron overload, urinary iron loss, ineffective erythropoiesis, and chronic hepatitis C infection. Early detection of renal dysfunction is crucial for both patients and their caregivers. Aim: To compare the serum and urinary renal function parameters between the thalassemic patients and normal health individuals. Patients and Methods: The study involved 194 individuals with β-thalassemia, with 97 admitted to Al-Hadbaa Hospital in Nineveh province, Iraq, and 97 healthy controls. Data collection included age, sex, blood transfusion frequency, urinary symptoms, and iron-chelating agent treatment. The study followed ethical principles and was approved by the Nineveh DOH's Ethical Committee of Research. Venous blood was collected, and biochemical variables like blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium levels were measured. Renal USG was performed for all patients. Results: The study involved 97 patients with thalassemia, with 85.6% being thalassemia major and 14.4% being thalassemia inter. Urinary parameters showed significant differences between cases and controls, with lower creatinine, higher calcium, and higher urinary protein. Serum parameters showed higher ferritin levels and Hb levels among cases, but no significant differences were found between thalassemia major and inter. Conclusion: The study found significant changes in urinary and serum parameters in thalassemic patients, affecting creatinine, calcium, protein, ferritin, and hemoglobin levels, but no significant differences were observed between thalassemia types.

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