WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

Dr. Omar Abdulhakeem Jadoo*, Dr. Mohammed Mishaal Shareef and Dr. Faiz Ahmed Younis

ABSTRACT

Background: Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most prevalent congenital defect, affecting the anatomy and function of the heart from birth. Congenital cardiac disorders frequently have unknown etiologies. On the other hand, chromosomal anomalies, environmental stressors, and genetic variables may all have a role in a large number of CHD instances. Aim of the study: To determine the extent to which suggested risk variables are linked to the development of congenital heart disease in neonates receiving care at Mosul city's pediatric teaching institutions. Patients and methods: A case-control prospective study was conducted at a pediatric cardiology center in Mosul city, involving 100 cases with congenital heart diseases and 100 controls aged less than 5 years. Data was collected through a questionnaire formula, which included information about gender, age at diagnosis, family history of CHD, consanguinity, type of CHD, maternal age at conception, paternal age, chronic drug use, smoking, x-ray exposure, and full term or preterm gestation. The cases involved confirmed CHD by echocardiography, while the controls included patients with no CHD. Results: The study found that the median age of patients with CHD was 6 months, significantly higher than that of controls (8.5 months). Maternal age was significantly higher in cases (30 years) than in controls (25 years). Male-gender and prematurity were significant risk factors for CHD. Family history of CHD, consanguinity, maternal history of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension were also associated with increased risk. Conclusion: Congenital heart diseases has many associated risk factors which are consanguineous marriage, prematurity, advanced maternal and paternal age, family history of CHD, male gender of the baby and age < 1year, maternal history of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension.