WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

B. Sridevi*, B. Hima Saisree, N. Naveen, P. Lavanya, P. Mahidhar and D. Curie

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Millions of individuals worldwide suffer from anaemia, a common and complex health problem that presents serious obstacles to public health. Anaemia is characterized by a decrease in the quantity of red blood cells or the concentration of ha’emoglobin. This lowers the blood's ability to transport oxygen, which causes weariness, weakness, and other clinical symptoms. Anaemia can be caused by a variety of factors, including acute or chronic blood loss, hereditary problems, chronic illnesses, and dietary deficiencies. Comprehending the fundamental reasons and clinical manifestations of anaemia is essential for proficient identification, handling, and therapy of impacted individuals. In order to improve diagnosis precision, therapeutic approaches, and patient care in general, this observational research investigates the etiology and clinical characteristics of anemia patients in a tertiary care setting. Methods and Material: This was an observational study conducted on 100 patients at general medicine department of the Trident Multispecialty Hospital, Perecherla, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. A specially created patient data collecting form was used to record patient demographic information, such as name, age, sex, in-patient/out-patient department number, and weight. Every day, the patients' treatment plan, diagnosis, laboratory results, clinical history, and prescriptions for discharge were documented in the patient data collecting form. Following data entry into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, statistical analysis was performed using fundamental statistical processes to get frequencies and percentages. Results: Our research revealed that anaemia results from blood loss from various sources. There were more cases of anaemia in females (59 cases) than in boys (41 cases). The majority of cases involved 24 patients between the ages of 36 and 45, which makes sense given that people in this age range frequently experience blood loss, accidents, poor diets, and malnutrition. We found that the leading causes of anaemia include malnutrition (6 instances), chronic disease (28 cases), surgery (17 cases), prolonged blood loss (9 cases), and nutrition (16 cases). Anaemia severity is classified as mild (25 instances), moderate (50 cases), and severe (25 cases) based on test data. The majority of clinical symptoms are body pains (47 cases), fever (28 cases), vomiting (18 cases), itching (9 cases) etc. The prescription distribution consisted of 20 cases of tablets of iron folic acid, 46 cases of B-complex, 25 cases of tablets of methylcobalamine, 31 cases of tablets of multivitamin, 34 cases of syrup iron folic acid, and 34 cases of injection iron sucrose. Conclusion: We can draw the following conclusions based on all of our observations of the subjects: Anaemia can lengthen hospital stays when combined with other comorbidities. Due to menstrual blood loss and poor nutritional habits, women are more likely than males to develop anaemia. Patients in rural areas had a higher prevalence of moderate-to-severe anaemia because they were less aware of the signs of anaemia and the availability of health care facilities (for routine testing and check-ups). The majority of patients were hospitalised as a result of not having regular general health examinations (at least once a year) and not understanding the warning signs and symptoms. For a variety of reasons, the majority of patients are neither accessible nor fully aware of the counselling portion.

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