WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

Dr. Ahmad Mahmood, Mustafa Zhayier, Mohammad Shoaib, Tiemin Jiang, Rexiati Ruze, Abuduhaiwaier Abuduhelili and Zhang Ruiqing*

ABSTRACT

Ascites, the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis.Approximately 50% of patients with compensated cirrhosis will develop ascites over a 10-year period, marking asignificant milestone in the progression of end-stage liver disease. Survival rates decrease after the onset ofascites, with only 50% of patients surviving 2 to 5 years, depending on the underlying cause of cirrhosis, Themanagement of ascites involves salt restriction and diuretic use, which are effective in about 90% of patients inreducing fluid accumulation and symptoms. In cases where ascites does not respond to these measures, additionalinterventions such as large-volume paracentesis may be necessary as a temporary solution or for symptomaticrelief while awaiting liver transplantation, For patients with refractory ascites, the transjugular intrahepaticportosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure can be considered. This involves creating a shunt between the portal veinand hepatic vein to reduce portal hypertension. TIPS can serve as a bridge to liver transplantation or provide longtermpalliation, but careful monitoring for bacterial peritonitis is essential. Patients at high risk for bacterialperitonitis should receive antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent this serious infection. Prompt diagnostic paracentesis isnecessary when spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is suspected, involving the removal and analysis of fluid fromthe abdominal cavity.