WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

Bhavna Dnyaneshwar Mahajan*, Prerana B. Jadhav and Pradyumna P. Ige

ABSTRACT

Benzothiazole, a heterocyclic compound comprising benzene and thiazole rings, has emerged as a pivotal scaffold in medicinal chemistry due to its versatile pharmacological properties. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of benzothiazole's medicinal significance, encompassing its synthesis, biological activities, and potential applications in drug discovery and development. Synthetic strategies for benzothiazole derivatives, including condensation reactions and transition-metal-catalyzed processes, are discussed, highlighting the diverse approaches for accessing this structurally rich scaffold. Furthermore, the review explores the wide-ranging biological activities exhibited by benzothiazole derivatives, such as anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral effects, underscoring their potential as therapeutic agents for various diseases. Moreover, the structural flexibility of benzothiazole scaffold offers ample opportunities for rational drug design and optimization. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies have elucidated crucial pharmacophoric features essential for biological activity, guiding the development of potent and selective benzothiazole-based drugs. Additionally, computational modeling techniques, including molecular docking and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis, have facilitated the rational design of novel benzothiazole derivatives with enhanced pharmacokinetic profiles. Furthermore, the review discusses the prospects of prodrugs and drug delivery systems to improve the bioavailability and targeting of benzothiazole-based therapeutics, thereby expanding their clinical utility in the treatment of various diseases.