WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

Uriti Sri Venkatesh, Raghav Dixit, Vilas Nilkanthrao Deshmukh, Afreen Kadir, Aradhana Sahu, Sonam Yadav, Monika Keshri, Yash Dhubkaria and Anil Kumar*

ABSTRACT

Benzothiazole and oxazolebased compounds represent versatile scaffolds in medicinal chemistry, exhibiting adiverse array of pharmacological activities. Understanding their pharmacokinetic properties and metabolicpathways is crucial for optimizing their therapeutic potential. This review comprehensively explores theabsorption mechanisms, distribution patterns, metabolic transformations, and factors influencingpharmacokinetics of benzothiazole and oxazole derivatives. Absorption predominantly occurs via passivediffusion across biological membranes, with lipophilicity and molecular size playing pivotal roles. Activetransport mechanisms mediated by specific membrane transporters further modulate the systemic distribution ofthese compounds, with implications for central nervous system (CNS) pharmacological effects facilitated bybloodbrain barrier (BBB) penetration. Metabolic stability emerges as a critical consideration in lead optimization,necessitating early integration of metabolic assessments in drug development pipelines. Strategies such as prodrugdesign and formulation optimization offer promising avenues for enhancing pharmacokinetic properties andtherapeutic efficacy. Integration of pharmacokinetic and metabolic data facilitates informed decisionmaking andcandidate selection in drug development. A call to action is issued for continued research in pharmacokinetics andmetabolism to address existing challenges and drive innovation, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration andadvancing the development of benzothiazole and oxazolebased therapeutics for improved patient care and publichealth outcomes.

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