WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

*Intessar Mohammed Housh, Akram Jahjah and Ruba Salman

ABSTRACT

Aim & Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of previously unknown heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and left ventricular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials & Methods: In total 85 patients with newly or previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in this observational descriptive (cross sectional) study between November 2021 and December 2022, patients were not known for previously having heart failure with reduced ejection fraction or left ventricular dysfunction. A full medical history was taken, and a full physical exam was performed, and the following was documented: gender, age, BMI, duration of diabetes, and clinical symptoms. FPG, 2h postprandial glucose and creatinine were measured, and an ECG was recorded. A 2D echocardiography was also performed and systolic function was evaluated based on ejection fraction (EF), diastolic function was evaluated based on E wave, A wave, E/A ratio, IVRT, E/e' ratio, LAVI, and TR velocity. Results: Of the patients studied, 59 were found to have previously unknown diastolic dysfunction (69.4%), 64.7% had a grade I diastolic dysfunction, and 4.7% had grade II diastolic dysfunction. Previously unknown heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) was found in 6 patients (7.1%), and previously unknown asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction was found in 4 patients (4.7%) The prevalence of left ventricular dysfunction increased steeply with age, higher BMI, longer diabetes duration, and with poor glycemic control. Conclusion: Left ventricular dysfunction is common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. It is important to be vigilant to these patients to avoid progression of the disease, and to improve prognosis and reduce morbidity and mortality.

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