WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

*Noor Alhuda Sabah Hussain and Prof. Dr. Haider Jabur Kehiosh

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Urothelial carcinoma is one of the most common genitourinary system malignancies. Most of these tumours are low-grade and easily recognised histopathologically, but a significant number of high-grade cases should be diagnosed and differentiated from metastasis or direct extension, especially from prostate and kidney cancers, as they differ in treatment and prognosis. GATA3 is one of the recently used immunohistochemical markers for urothelial carcinoma differentiation, and its intensity significantly correlates with tumour grade and stage, decreasing with higher stage and grade. The aim of study is to GATA3 value in distinguishing urothelial carcinoma, prostatic adenocarcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma of papillary and clear cell types and GATA3 expression correlates with clinicopathological markers such grade, stage, necrosis, and mitosis. Method: 70 paraffin-embedded blocks of urothelial carcinoma, 10 of prostatic adenocarcinoma, and 10 of renal cell carcinoma of papillary and clear cell variants were selected between January 2017 and September 2020. They were stained with haematoxyline and eosin, histopathologically evaluated, then stained with GATA3 antibody and reevaluated with semi quantitative immunoreactive score. GATA3 correlated with tumour grade, stage, necrosis, and mitosis. Results: GATA3 was expressed in 84.3% of urothelial carcinoma patients and was substantially linked with tumour grade (p = 0.001) and stage (p = 0.003), but not mitosis or necrosis. Conclusion: GATA3 can detect urothelial origin. If utilised in clinical contexts, it is successful. GATA3 expression predicts cancer recurrence independently, making it a prognostic marker as well. In this study, GATA3 expression did not affect necrosis or mitosis.

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