WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

Akhil Sulaiman*, A. Bharath Kumar, N. Rizwana, M. Mona Sree, P. Sirisha and S. Bhavani

ABSTRACT

Corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic due to the novel SARS Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in a sudden, large and prolonged increase in hospitalizations of patients fulfilling the criteria for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). SARS-CoV-2 can lead to a wide spectrum of disease, ranging from very mild symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection to life-threatening pneumonia. Corticosteroids are hormones that are naturally produced from the adrenal cortex and are involved in a variety of physiological processes, such as inflammatory regulation, stress, and immunological response, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism. As a result, corticosteroids are critical in the management of autoimmune, allergic, malignant, and many inflammatory disorders. In COVID-19-related severe acute respiratory syndrome, viral escape of cellular immune response and the cytokine storm is important in pathophysiology and clinical consequences. Dysregulation of cytokine and invasion of inflammatory myeloid cells results in lung inflammation and severe sequelae, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory failure, sepsis, multi-organ failure, and death. Corticosteroids have significant anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects, which may play a role in reducing pulmonary inflammation, especially in severe pneumonia and in advanced stages of COVID-19 disease. The patient may be completely asymptomatic with a positive swab test, may present with a mild influenza-like illness or may present with serious symptoms that require hospitalisation. The effective vaccination, and oxygen therapy, antivirals, steroids, HCQS and antibiotics can minimize the COVID-19 clinical symptoms among affected patients.