WORLD JOURNAL OF ADVANCE
HEALTHCARE RESEARCH

( An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal )

An International Peer Review Journal for Medical Science and Pharma Professionals

An Official Publication of Society for Advance Healthcare Research (Reg. No. : 01/01/01/31674/16)

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Indexing

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  • Google Scholar
  • Index Copernicus
  • SOCOLAR, China
  • Research Bible, Fuchu, Tokyo. JAPAN
  • Cosmos Impact Factor
  • Scientific Indexing Services (SIS)
  • UDLedge Science Citation Index
  • International Impact Factor Services
  • International Society for Research Activity (ISRA) Journal Impact Factor (JIF)
  • IFSIJ Measure of Journal Quality
  • Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF)
  • International Scientific Indexing, UAE (ISI) (Under Process)
  • International Impact Factor Services (IIFS)
  • Web of Science Group (Under Process)
  • Directory of Research Journals Indexing
  • Scholar Article Journal Index (SAJI)
  • International Scientific Indexing ( ISI )
  • Academia
  • Scope Database

Abstract

SMOKING AND RISK OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE AMONG WOMEN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS-A PROSPECTIVE STUDY AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL FROM NORTH INDIA

Premshanker Singh*, Mridu Singh and Ritu Karoli

ABSTRACT

Although the association between smoking and increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) is well established in the general population but this relationship is less well-defined among individuals with diabetes.In this study,we aimed to assess the relationship between cigarette smoking and risk of CHD among women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. All women diabetics reporting to Medicine dept of Dr Dr RML Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India for their treatment were included in this study. There were total of 1637 women diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes mellitus. All these diabetic women were assessed for CHD as main cardiac outcome in this study. We documented 115 incident cases of CHD (50 fatal CHD-related cases and 65 nonfatal myocardial infarctions). We found a dose-response relationship between current smoking status and risk of CHD among diabetic women. Compared with never smokers, the relative risks (RRs) for CHD were 1.21 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-1.51) for past smokers, 1.66 (95% CI, 1.10-2.52) for current smokers of 1 to 14 cigarettes per day, and 2.68 (95% CI, 2.07-3.48) for current smokers of 15 or more cigarettes per day in multivariate analyses (P

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